Table of Contents
Overview
Malware, short for "malicious software," is an umbrella term used to describe any program designed to steal from, spy on, or harm an individual through various hostile and/or intrusive software. This document will briefly explain the differences between each type of malware. A PDF of this information can be found on the security.tamu.edu webpage. You can protect against malware by using antivirus software.
Malware Types
Adware
Advertising-supported malware that delivers ads automatically. (EX: Website pop-ups)
Ransomware
A type of malware that locks files or your entire computer (typically via encryption) while demanding a monetary ransom be paid.
Rootkit
This is a type of malware that hides its presence on a computer before performing a preset function. It is commonly bundled with other forms of malware.
Scareware
Malware that uses deception to trick users into purchasing unneeded software or services. This is typically achieved by a series of popups either posing as a virus or as an antivirus company, and either gives a link to purchase software or a phone number to call to "remove" the virus. Not so much harmful to an individual's computer as it is a monetary scam.
Spyware
Malware that covertly spies on and captures user activity while sending it to another location. (EX: Keylogging)
Trojan
Malware that performs actions on a device not authorized by the user. This may include data deletion, modification, and/or theft. It is commonly disguised as a normal program to trick an individual into believing it is safe.
Virus
Self-replicating malware that is able to execute itself often by manipulating code through the use of a host file.
Worm
Similar to a virus, this malware is able to replicate itself without requiring a host file. Worms may exist inside other files and can spread through email chains.